Anaerobic conversion of microalgal biomass to sustainable energy carriers - A review

► Microalgal biomass is amenable to anaerobic energy carrier production. ► The highest energy yields have been reported for ethanol and CH4. ► The highest butanol and H2 fermentation yields are still relatively low. ► Simultaneous and sequential production of several energy carriers is also considered. ► Energy yields from microalgae are similar to those from other feedstocks.