Feeding strategies for enhanced lactobionic acid production from whey by Pseudomonas taetrolens

► High-level production of lactobionic acid from whey was achieved. ► Increasing the feeding rate reduced fermentation performance. ► Lactose feeding pulses did not have a major impact on physiological status. ► A co-feeding strategy led to enhanced lactobionic acid production from whey. ► Pseudomonas taetrolens remained fully functional throughout fed-batch cultivations.