In-depth investigation on the pyrolysis kinetics of raw biomass. Part I: Kinetic analysis for the drying and devolatilization stages

► Two different stages were shown in the pyrolysis process of biomass. ► Nonisothermal Page model is the best model for describing the drying kinetics. ► DAEM is not adequate for kinetics analysis in the first stage of biomass pyrolysis. ► Three ranges of activation energy are identified for the whole pyrolysis process.