Continuous esterification to produce biodiesel by SPES/PES/NWF composite catalytic membrane in flow-through membrane reactor: Experimental and kinetic studies

► The conversion obtained by CCM was over 98.0% during the continuous esterification. ► The external mass transfer resistance was related to the flow rate. ► The internal mass transfer resistance was related to the membrane thickness. ► A kinetic model was established to predict the conversion.