Parallel associative processing in the dorsal striatum: Segregation of stimulus-response and cognitive control subregions

► A theory concerning the functional contributions of the dorsal striatum is presented. ► Anatomical, physiological, and behavioral data is reviewed to support this view. ► Dorso-lateral striatum is thought to be critical for stimulus-response learning. ► Dorso-medial striatum is thought to contribute to the cognitive control of behavior. ► Unanswered questions concerning the functions of these systems are explored.