کد مقاله | کد نشریه | سال انتشار | مقاله انگلیسی | نسخه تمام متن |
---|---|---|---|---|
7499535 | 1485876 | 2016 | 12 صفحه PDF | دانلود رایگان |
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله ISI
An assessment of gasoline motorcycle emissions performance and understanding their contribution to Tehran air pollution
ترجمه فارسی عنوان
ارزیابی عملکرد انتشار بنزین موتورسیکلت و درک مشارکت آنها در ایجاد آلودگی هوا در تهران
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کلمات کلیدی
موتور سیکلت بنزین، کاربراتور، فاکتور انتشار،
موضوعات مرتبط
علوم زیستی و بیوفناوری
علوم محیط زیست
علوم زیست محیطی (عمومی)
چکیده انگلیسی
Motorcycles are the third most common means of transportation in the megacity of Tehran. Hence, measurements of emission factors are essential for Tehran motorcycle fleets. In this study, 60 carburetor motorcycles of various mileages and engine displacement volumes were tested in a chassis dynamometer laboratory according to cold start Euro-3 emissions certification test procedures. For almost all of the tested samples, the average carbon monoxide (CO) emission factors were about seven times higher than the limits for Euro-3 certification. No motorcycle fell within the Euro-3 certification limit on CO emissions. 125Â cc engine displacement volume motorcycles, which are dominant in Tehran, have the most total unburned hydrocarbons and CO emission rates, and they have less nitrous oxides (NOX) emission rates and fuel consumption compared to those of larger engine volume motorcycles. Calculation of fuel-based emission factors and moles of combustion products shows that about 40% of fuel consumed by 125Â cc engine volume motorcycles burns to incomplete combustion products. This proportion is lower for larger engine volume motorcycles. Approximation of relative air-fuel ratio results shows very rich combustion in selected motorcycles. Using a carburetor fuel supply system, low engine compression ratio, aging, and no catalyst could be reasons for high emission rates. These reasons could possibly result in high ultrafine particles emission rates from motorcycles. Comparison of total motorcycle pollutant emissions to that of passenger cars from previous studies in Tehran shows that motorcycles contribute to pollutant much higher than their contribution to the total fleet or total travels.
ناشر
Database: Elsevier - ScienceDirect (ساینس دایرکت)
Journal: Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment - Volume 47, August 2016, Pages 1-12
Journal: Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment - Volume 47, August 2016, Pages 1-12
نویسندگان
A. Hassani, V. Hosseini,