Particularités de la numération formule sanguine et apport de la cytologie en période néonatale

The challenge of hematologic problems in the newborn is still present. In the present article, the main cytological characteristics of the blood cells in healthy neonates as well as the physiological blood parameters variations at birth and during the first month of life of the newborn and the preterm neonates will be reminded. Indeed, the values of many hematologic variables change markedly in the first days, weeks and months of life and a good knowledge of normal reference values according to gestational age is required to enable the proper interpretation of blood count parameters. In the second part of this article, we will focus on the main morphological alterations of the red cell, platelet and leukocyte encountered in hereditary or acquired disorders with a neonatal revelation which can lead to ever more effective interventions of neonatalogists in this vulnerable population.