La toxoplasmose cérébrale chez les patients infectés par le virus de l'immunodéficience humaine au Maroc

Cerebral toxoplasmosis is common opportunistic infections of central nervous system in AIDS. The aim of this study is to investigate the general characteristics of cerebral toxoplasmosis during HIV infection and AIDS in Mohamed VI teaching hospital of Marrakech. It is a retrospective study of 7 years (form January 2007 to January 2014), conducted in the infectious diseases department of Mohamed VI Teaching Hospital of Marrakech. It concerned all patients infected with HIV, with cerebral toxoplasmosis probable or confirmed. A total of 453 patients investigated, 21 met cerebral toxoplasmosis diagnostic criteria. The rate of cerebral toxoplasmosis in the study population was 4,63%. The average age was 38 years. Focused neurological deficit (80%), intracranial hypertension signs (42%), seizures (38%) were the clinical characteristics. Hypodensity with peripheral enhancement images was found on CT in 33% of cases. The average rate of CD4 T cells was 55.7cells/mm3. Cotrimoxazole was used in 95% of patients. Antitoxoplasmic treatment led to a clinical improvement in 66%. Early diagnosis and primary prevention in patients with a CD4 count below 200 cellules/mm3, remains essential to improve the prognosis and survival of these patients.