Determination of lead in medicinal plants by high-resolution continuum source graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry using direct solid sampling

► Direct solid sampling is proposed for Pb determination in plants by HR-CS GF AAS. ► Optimization of various modifiers for solid sampling and aqueous calibration. ► Evaluation of homogeneity and sample mass size for ultra-microanalysis. ► A sustainable clean analytical method was developed for medicinal plant analysis.