Designing spectroelectrochemical cells: A review

A review on the recent state of spectroelectrochemical techniques is presented. Starting with a discussion of the advantages of the application of spectroelectrochemical techniques instead of an ex-situ combination of spectroscopic and electrochemical methods, the main part of this review is focused on two topics: practical considerations for obtaining the optimal conditions for spectroelectrochemical measurements according to the spectroscopic or electrochemical technique selected, and considerations for the optimal design and construction of spectroelectrochemical cells with examples. The final outlook is intended to the use of spectroelectrochemical detectors in flow injection analysis (FIA) experiments. More than 300 references are collected covering the main contributions on this subject.