Development of DNA-based signal amplification and microfluidic technology for protein assay: A review

Protein detection is critically important for both lab-scale research and clinical diagnosis. As a well-developed and acknowledged tool, DNA-based biosensors provide simple, cost efficient and portable characteristics for high sensitive protein assay assisted by a variety of signal amplification technologies. In which, a rapid and high-throughput protein analysis can be performed using microfluidic devices. In this review, we provide an overview on signal amplification technologies for DNA based biosensors, which includes PCR, isothermal amplification, enzyme-based and nanoparticle-based amplification strategies. As another strong protein analysis tool, aptamer conjugated microfluidic device has also been summarized. Finally, the applications of DNA based biosensors and their microfluidic devices used for molecular interaction, cell analysis, and drug delivery have been discussed.