Phase distribution and stepwise kinetics of iron oxides reduction during chemical looping hydrogen generation in a packed bed reactor

Mass percentage of iron phases on Al2O3-free base along the reactor after the reduction. The phase distribution of the reduced oxygen carriers in the reactor demonstrated the characteristics of the packed bed technology. And the quantitative composition was related to the stepwise reduction kinetics of iron oxides. Therefore, this image was selected as the graphical abstract to summarize the main idea of the present study.