Hydraulic stability and wave overtopping of Starbloc® armored mound breakwaters

Based on hydraulic model tests, the results demonstrate a high hydraulic stability for the interlocked individual units (Ns = 2.9), despite of a satisfactory level of overtopping performance (γr = 0.45). Global damage (extraction of group of units) on very dense armour placement highlights the importance of considering a minimum porosity, 34%, inside the armour layer (surface) instead of a mean value (volume).