The microwave properties of the jovian clouds: A new model for the complex dielectric constant of aqueous ammonia

The new model has been validated for temperatures up to 313 K, and may be consistently used for the expected conditions for aqueous clouds in all of the outer planets. The model fits 60.26% of all laboratory measurements within 2-sigma uncertainty. Descriptions of the experimental setups, uncertainties associated with the laboratory measurements, the model fitting process, the new model, and its application to approximating jovian cloud opacity are provided.