Growth, optical, thermal, mechanical and dielectric characterization of brucinium hydrogen maleate

Brucinium hydrogen maleate (BHM) has been synthesized by the chemical reaction method. The solubility of the synthesized material was determined in water, acetone and water-acetone mixed solvents. Based on the solubility studies, the single crystals of BHM were grown from the 4:5 water-acetone mixed solvent by the solvent evaporation method. The crystallinity of the grown crystals was proved from the single crystal and powder XRD data. BHM was found to crystallize in monoclinic symmetry with non-centrosymmetric space group P21. BHM crystals of size 12×4×3 mm3 were obtained in 20 days. The compound exhibits good physicochemical stability upto 237.78 °C. Various thermodynamical parameters were calculated from the TG data. The UV transparency cutoff wavelength of BHM was found to be 215 nm and the complex is transparent (42%) over the entire range of visible region showing that it is a good candidate for NLO applications. The growth feature of the BHM single crystals was observed by etching studies, which reveals the formation of layer growth pattern. The dielectric behavior of the grown crystal was analyzed for different frequencies at different temperatures. The mechanical properties of the crystal were estimated by Vickers hardness test.