Predicting prostate biopsy outcome: prostate health index (phi) and prostate cancer antigen 3 (PCA3) are useful biomarkers

► Novel markers have been proposed to improve pre-biopsy detection of prostate cancer. ► We assessed the diagnostic accuracy of phi and PCA3 for prostate cancer. ► %p2PSA, phi and PCA3 may predict a diagnosis of PCa in men at their first biopsy. ► PCA3 score is more useful in discriminating between HGPIN and non-cancer.