Physico-chemical characterization and beneficial effects of seaweed sulfated polysaccharide against oxydatif and cellular damages caused by alloxan in diabetic rats

The aim of this work was to evaluate the chemical characterization of a sulfated polysaccharide isolated from Codium fragile alga (CFSP), using various assays such as FTIR, XRD, GC-MS and NMR spectroscopy including 1H, 13C, COSY, HSQC, HMBC and NOESY experiments as well as its inhibitory effects on α-amylase activity, liver-kidney toxicities and lipid profile disorders in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Combined results showed that the CFSP is composed mainly by a galactopyranose and d-glucose, with these various bonds and these various functional groups. The antihyperglycaemic effect of this polysaccharide resulted in a significant decrease in blood glucose and intestinal amylase levels. It had the effect of significantly restoring the hepatic, pancreatic and renal antioxidant enzymes with a significant reduction in TBARS levels. The CFSP also acted at the tissue by moderating the appearance of lipid vacuoles at the hepatocytes and restoring the general histological organization of the kidneys and pancreas.