کد مقاله کد نشریه سال انتشار مقاله انگلیسی نسخه تمام متن
8338052 1540988 2016 37 صفحه PDF دانلود رایگان
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله ISI
The neuroendocrine genesis of polycystic ovary syndrome: A role for arcuate nucleus GABA neurons
موضوعات مرتبط
علوم زیستی و بیوفناوری بیوشیمی، ژنتیک و زیست شناسی مولکولی زیست شیمی
پیش نمایش صفحه اول مقاله
The neuroendocrine genesis of polycystic ovary syndrome: A role for arcuate nucleus GABA neurons
چکیده انگلیسی
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a prevalent and distressing endocrine disorder lacking a clearly identified aetiology. Despite its name, PCOS may result from impaired neuronal circuits in the brain that regulate steroid hormone feedback to the hypothalamo-pituitary-gonadal axis. Ovarian function in all mammals is controlled by the gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) neurons, a small group of neurons that reside in the pre-optic area of the hypothalamus. GnRH neurons drive the secretion of the gonadotropins from the pituitary gland that subsequently control ovarian function, including the production of gonadal steroid hormones. These hormones, in turn, provide important feedback signals to GnRH neurons via a hormone sensitive neuronal network in the brain. In many women with PCOS this feedback pathway is impaired, resulting in the downstream consequences of the syndrome. This review will explore what is currently known from clinical and animal studies about the identity, relative contribution and significance of the individual neuronal components within the GnRH neuronal network that contribute to the pathophysiology of PCOS. We review evidence for the specific neuronal pathways hypothesised to mediate progesterone negative feedback to GnRH neurons, and discuss the potential mechanisms by which androgens may evoke disruptions in these circuits at different developmental time points. Finally, this review discusses data providing compelling support for disordered progesterone-sensitive GABAergic input to GnRH neurons, originating specifically within the arcuate nucleus in prenatal androgen induced forms of PCOS.
ناشر
Database: Elsevier - ScienceDirect (ساینس دایرکت)
Journal: The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology - Volume 160, June 2016, Pages 106-117
نویسندگان
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