Testosterone modulation of anxiety in gonadally-suppressed male rhesus monkeys: A role for gonadotropins?

► Suppression of testosterone (T) by a GnRH agonist lowers anxiety in male rhesus monkeys tested in a 2-min stare condition of the Human Intruder Paradigm; exogenous T restores baseline anxiety levels. ► Reduced LH may underlie the beneficial effects of the GnRH on anxiety. ► T promotes an adaptive arousal response in face of an immediate social threat.