Effect of temperature on gonad development of the Pacific geoduck clam (Panopea generosa Gould, 1850)

► We examine broodstock development of Panopea generosa over a range of temperatures. ► Results are applicable to hatchery conditioning of geoduck broodstock. ► Prolonged spawning and gamete generation are achieved at 11 °C. ► Gonads degenerate at 19 °C. ► 7 °C inhibits spawning but maintains high levels of gonad development.