Changes in spatial QRS-T angle and QTc interval in patients with traumatic brain injury with or without intra-abdominal hypertension

Spatial QRS-T angle and QTc interval increase after TBI. If foraminal herniation complicates TBI, further widening of the spatial QRS-T angle typically precedes it, followed by notable narrowing thereafter. Increased IAP also intensifies TBI-associated increases in spatial QRS-T angle and QTc interval.