Overexpression of semaphorin 3A in patients with urothelial cancer

Semaphorin 3A is overexpressed in urothelial cancer patients, as evidenced both in its presence in urine and in bladder tissue. Semaphorin 3A in urine is a promising potential urothelial cancer biomarker either independently or in conjunction with cytology. Further tests are needed to elucidate the sex difference in the expression of Sema3A in the urine of bladder cancer patients.