کد مقاله کد نشریه سال انتشار مقاله انگلیسی نسخه تمام متن
8790141 1601821 2018 6 صفحه PDF دانلود رایگان
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله ISI
Role of immunotherapy in bacillus Calmette-Guérin-unresponsive non-muscle invasive bladder cancer
موضوعات مرتبط
علوم پزشکی و سلامت پزشکی و دندانپزشکی تومور شناسی
پیش نمایش صفحه اول مقاله
Role of immunotherapy in bacillus Calmette-Guérin-unresponsive non-muscle invasive bladder cancer
چکیده انگلیسی
Intravesical instillation of live attenuated bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) is the gold standard for patients with intermediate- and high-risk non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). BCG-failures include a heterogenous population of patients who share a designation of disease recurrence or progression following BCG and include patients with complete unresponsiveness to BCG, patients who respond initially but develop relapse and, in some cases, patients who are intolerant to BCG due to side effects. Given the efficacy and relatively rapid approval of several monoclonal antibodies against PD-L1 or PD-1 for advanced and metastatic bladder cancer, the role of these checkpoint inhibitors in BCG-relapsing disease at various disease stages is under consideration. Data supporting a role for immune checkpoint inhibitors is largely theoretical with limited supportive data from animal models and from clinical evidence of increased PD-L1 expression in BCG-unresponsive tumors. Current trials in BCG-unresponsive disease are underway and expected to provide insight regarding these concepts.
ناشر
Database: Elsevier - ScienceDirect (ساینس دایرکت)
Journal: Urologic Oncology: Seminars and Original Investigations - Volume 36, Issue 3, March 2018, Pages 103-108
نویسندگان
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