Predictors of genitourinary malignancy in patients with asymptomatic microscopic hematuria

Our data adds to the growing evidence that the incidence of malignancy among patients with AMH is low. Risk factors associated with urinary tract cancer are male sex, age>50 years, smoking history, and irritative voiding symptoms. Further prospective, randomized trials would be useful for developing a more tailored screening protocol for low-risk patients.