The how and what of identity formation: Associations between identity styles and value orientations

The present investigation evaluated the hypothesis that identity processing styles would be systematically associated with Schwartz’s (1992) value orientations. Theoretically predicted relationships were found in a Polish sample (N = 1078). An informational identity style was positively associated with values emphasizing independence (openness rather than conservation) in a way that transcended selfish interest, whereas a normative identity style was positively associated with values such as security and tradition (conservation rather than openness). A diffuse-avoidant identity style was positively associated with values that highlighted self-interest such as hedonism and power. None of these relationships was moderated by age or gender. Findings are discussed in terms of the role that values may play in how individuals approach or avoid (re)constructing a sense of identity.