Le kyste pilonidal

The pilonidal cyst represents around 15% of perianal suppurations and 68% of suppurations independent of the anus-rectum. Occurring in the sub-cutaneous tissues of the gluteal cleft, this infected cavity occupied by a tuft of hair communicates with the skin through one or several orifices, usually midline. Clinically, the condition is either acute with an abscess, or chronic in the form of a persistent discharge along the gluteal cleft. It remains a surgical challenge. The failure of the treatment and the recurrence of the disease are common. Successful management depends on the adherence to clearly defined surgical principles based on the knowledge of the pathogenesis and the presentation of the patient. While there is consensus among most teams regarding the complete excision of the pilonidal sinus, differences remain between those who favour second intention healing and others who advocate direct or surgical closure.