Equine Keratomycosis

Equine keratomycosis is a relatively common sight-threatening condition in the horse. There are several clinical presentations including ulceration with or without corneal melting, fungal plaque, microerosions, and stromal abscess. Culture and cytology are key diagnostics. Disease severity, rate of disease progression, and response to medical treatment are critical determinants of whether medical or surgical therapy is indicated. Uveitis can be an important accompanying condition, evidenced by miosis, blepharospasm, and increased lacrimation. Medical management of keratomycosis may include topical antimicrobials, cycloplegics and antiproteinases, as well as systemic antiinflammatories and antimicrobials. This article reviews the known etiologies, clinical manifestations, diagnostic techniques, and treatment protocols for equine keratomycosis.