کد مقاله | کد نشریه | سال انتشار | مقاله انگلیسی | نسخه تمام متن |
---|---|---|---|---|
9177059 | 1180379 | 2005 | 9 صفحه PDF | دانلود رایگان |
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله ISI
Cardiovascular Toxicities of Performance-Enhancing Substances in Sports
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کلمات کلیدی
TetrahydrogestrinoneFDAHmbAASHDLhigh-density lipoprotein - HDL یا لیپوپروتئین با دانسیته بالا یا چگالی بالاhGH - HGHTHg - THGAdenosine Triphosphate - آدنوزین تری فسفاتATP - آدنوزین تری فسفات یا ATPRecombinant human erythropoietin - اریتروپویتین بازآفرینی انسانیAnabolic-androgenic steroids - استروئید آنابولیک آندروژنیβ-Hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate - بتا-هیدروکسی-بتا-متیل بوتیراتrhEPO - رپوFood and Drug Administration - سازمان غذا و داروLow-density lipoprotein - لیپوپروتئین کم چگالی یا الدیال LDL - لیپوپروتئین کم چگالی(کلسترول بد)Human growth hormone - هورمون رشد انسان
موضوعات مرتبط
علوم پزشکی و سلامت
پزشکی و دندانپزشکی
کاردیولوژی و پزشکی قلب و عروق
پیش نمایش صفحه اول مقاله
چکیده انگلیسی
Athletes commonly use drugs and dietary supplements to improve athletic performance or to assist with weight loss. Some of these substances are obtainable by prescription or by illegal means; others are marketed as supplements, vitamins, or minerals. Nutritional supplements are protected from Food and Drug Administration regulation by the 1994 US Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act, and manufacturers are not required to demonstrate proof of efficacy or safety. Furthermore, the Food and Drug Administration lacks a regulatory body to evaluate such products for purity. Existing scientific data, which consist of case reports and clinical observations, describe serious cardiovascular adverse effects from use of performance-enhancing substances, including sudden death. Although mounting evidence led to the recent ban of ephedra (ma huang), other performance-enhancing substances continue to be used frequently at all levels, from elementary school children to professional athletes. Thus, although the potential for cardiovascular injury is great, few appropriately designed studies have been conducted to assess the benefits and risks of using performance-enhancing substances. We performed an exhaustive OVID MEDLINE search to identify all existing scientific data, review articles, case reports, and clinical observations that address this subject. In this review, we examine the current evidence regarding cardiovascular risk for persons using anabolic-androgenic steroids including 2 synthetic substances, tetrahydrogestrinone and androstenedione (andro), stimulants such as ephedra, and nonsteroidal agents such as recombinant human erythropoietin, human growth hormone, creatine, and β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate.
ناشر
Database: Elsevier - ScienceDirect (ساینس دایرکت)
Journal: Mayo Clinic Proceedings - Volume 80, Issue 10, October 2005, Pages 1307-1315
Journal: Mayo Clinic Proceedings - Volume 80, Issue 10, October 2005, Pages 1307-1315
نویسندگان
Ritesh MD, C. William MD, Mark S. MD, Munther K. MD, Jonathan MD, N. A. Mark MD,