کد مقاله کد نشریه سال انتشار مقاله انگلیسی نسخه تمام متن
918950 919861 2013 15 صفحه PDF دانلود رایگان
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله ISI
Tests of the aversive summation hypothesis in rats: Effects of restraint stress on consummatory successive negative contrast and extinction in the Barnes maze
موضوعات مرتبط
علوم زیستی و بیوفناوری علم عصب شناسی علوم اعصاب رفتاری
پیش نمایش صفحه اول مقاله
Tests of the aversive summation hypothesis in rats: Effects of restraint stress on consummatory successive negative contrast and extinction in the Barnes maze
چکیده انگلیسی

The present research explored the effects of restraint stress on two situations involving incentive downshift: consummatory successive negative contrast (cSNC) and extinction of escape behavior in the Barnes maze. First, Experiment 1 confirmed that the restraint stress procedure used in these experiments increased levels of circulating corticosterone. Second, prior exposure to restraint stress enhanced the cSNC effect whether stress was administered before the first downshift trial (Experiment 2) or before the second downshift trial (Experiment 3). In none of these experiments did restraint stress affect the consummatory behavior of unshifted controls. In Experiment 4, animals received training to escape into a target hole in the Barnes maze and were then exposed to eight extinction trials in which the escape box was absent. Restraint stress before extinction did not affect the latency to reach the target hole, but it increased the distance traveled and approach to nontarget holes. In Experiment 5, restraint stress before a post-extinction test a day later reduced spontaneous recovery in approach to the goal hole without affecting exploratory behavior. The results were interpreted in terms of the aversive summation hypothesis according to which two sources of stress (i.e., restraint and incentive downshift) can affect behavior and enhance the retrieval of aversive memory.


► Aversive summation occurs when two sources of stress affect behavior and enhance the retrieval of aversive memories to a greater extent than one source alone.
► Restraint stress administered before an incentive downshift experience, whether measured in consummatory or instrumental behavior, had a greater effect than either source in isolation.
► Aversive summation was observed in the consummatory successive negative contrast situation and in extinction of escape behavior in the Barnes maze.

ناشر
Database: Elsevier - ScienceDirect (ساینس دایرکت)
Journal: Learning and Motivation - Volume 44, Issue 3, August 2013, Pages 159–173
نویسندگان
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