Classification et traitement des surdités de l'enfant

The language development is impaired in the deaf child. A classification of child deafness is proposed according to the sidedness of deafness, auditory thresholds, deafness mechanism, age at onset, the syndromic or non syndromic feature, and presence of associated disability. The major prognostic factor for language development is the age at treatment initiation. The treatment of profound or severe deafness includes auditory rehabilitation using hearing aids or cochlear implant, speech therapy, using of extra auditory communication modes, and an educational support. The treatment of mild deafness depends on the aetiology of the deafness. Unilateral deafness may have little effects on child development, and should be watched over.