کد مقاله | کد نشریه | سال انتشار | مقاله انگلیسی | نسخه تمام متن |
---|---|---|---|---|
9451579 | 1307830 | 2005 | 26 صفحه PDF | دانلود رایگان |
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله ISI
Synthesis of environmentally relevant fluorinated surfactants-a review
دانلود مقاله + سفارش ترجمه
دانلود مقاله ISI انگلیسی
رایگان برای ایرانیان
کلمات کلیدی
موضوعات مرتبط
علوم زیستی و بیوفناوری
علوم محیط زیست
شیمی زیست محیطی
پیش نمایش صفحه اول مقاله
![عکس صفحه اول مقاله: Synthesis of environmentally relevant fluorinated surfactants-a review Synthesis of environmentally relevant fluorinated surfactants-a review](/preview/png/9451579.png)
چکیده انگلیسی
In the past years there has been a growing interest in fluorinated persistent organic pollutants such as perfluorooctanesulfonic acid, perfluorooctanesulfonamides, perfluorinated carboxylic acids and fluorotelomer alcohols. Although these compounds have probably been present in the environment for many decades, we are only now beginning to realize that these environmental contaminants may have serious environmental and health effects. This article gives a state-of-the-art review of synthetic approaches that have been employed for the synthesis of these environmentally relevant fluorinated compounds. Perfluorooctanesulfonic acid derivatives, in particular, pose a problem because only a few perfluorooctanesulfonic acid derivatives are available from commercial sources-a fact that limits the ability of researchers worldwide to further study these compounds. Because of the limited literature available, this article also describes synthetic approaches for shorter chain homologues or perfluoroether analogues that can potentially be applied for the synthesis of perfluorooctanesulfonic acid derivatives. The preparation of typical starting materials for the synthesis of perfluorooctanesulfonic acid derivatives such as the perfluoroalkanesulfonyl fluorides and chlorides will be discussed. Subsequently, their conversion into relevant perfluoroalkane sulfonate salts (RFSO3M), sulfonamides (RFSO2NH2), N-alkyl sulfonamides (RFSO2NHR, RÂ =Â alkyl), N,N-dialkyl sulfonamides (RFSO2NR2, RÂ =Â alkyl), sulfonamidoethanol (RFSO2NRCH2CH2OH, RÂ =Â -H, -CH3 or -C2H5) and sulfonamidoacetates (RFSO2NRCH2CO2H, RÂ =Â -H, -CH3 or -C2H5) will be described. Many perfluorinated carboxylic acids and fluorotelomer alcohols are available from commercial sources. The review of the synthesis of these two classes of fluorinated compounds includes a review of their industrial synthesis and the synthesis of relevant degradation products.
ناشر
Database: Elsevier - ScienceDirect (ساینس دایرکت)
Journal: Chemosphere - Volume 58, Issue 11, March 2005, Pages 1471-1496
Journal: Chemosphere - Volume 58, Issue 11, March 2005, Pages 1471-1496
نویسندگان
Hans-Joachim Lehmler,