کد مقاله | کد نشریه | سال انتشار | مقاله انگلیسی | نسخه تمام متن |
---|---|---|---|---|
9451865 | 1307846 | 2005 | 12 صفحه PDF | دانلود رایگان |
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله ISI
Metal-mediated chlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin (CDD) and dibenzofuran (CDF) formation from phenols
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موضوعات مرتبط
علوم زیستی و بیوفناوری
علوم محیط زیست
شیمی زیست محیطی
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چکیده انگلیسی
Heterogeneous formation of chlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (CDDs) and dibenzofurans (CDFs) on CuCl2 from three phenols without ortho chlorine and one phenol with two ortho chlorines was studied in a flow reactor over a temperature range of 325-450 °C. Heated nitrogen gas streams containing 8% oxygen, 1.5% benzene vapor, and equal amounts of phenol, 3-chlorophenol, 3,4-dichlorophenol and 2,4,6-trichlorophenol vapor (700 ppmv, each) were passed through a 1 g particle bed of silica and 0.5% (Cu mass) CuCl2. Maximum product yields of greater than 1.4% phenol conversion to CDD and 5.7% phenol conversion to CDF were observed between 400 and 450 °C. CDDs formed with loss of one chlorine atom were favored. While total CDD/F yield varied with temperature, CDD/F homologue and isomer distributions did not vary significantly with temperature. Based on the results of experiments with single phenol precursors, phenol precursors could be assigned to all PCDD/F products. Of the chlorinated phenols without ortho chlorine that were studied, 3,4-dichlorophenol was found to have the greatest propensity to form CDFs.
ناشر
Database: Elsevier - ScienceDirect (ساینس دایرکت)
Journal: Chemosphere - Volume 58, Issue 7, February 2005, Pages 977-988
Journal: Chemosphere - Volume 58, Issue 7, February 2005, Pages 977-988
نویسندگان
Jae-Yong Ryu, James A. Mulholland,