Investigation on dynamic changes of photosynthetic characteristics of 10 wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes during two vegetative-growth stages at water deficits

Drought is a worldwide problem, seriously influencing plant (crop) productivity. Wheat is a stable food for 35% of the world population, and moreover, about 60% of land area on the globe belongs to arid and semiarid zone. Wheat drought resistance is a multi-gene controlling quantitative character and wheat final production in field is realized mainly by physiological regulation under the condition of multi-environmental factor interaction. Exploring drought resistance physiological mechanisms for different wheat genotypes is of importance to finding new drought resistance gene resources and conventional breeding, and the basis for wheat drought resistance biotechnological breeding and platform. Photosynthesis is the main component for physiological machinery of wheat assimilates conversion and wheat production. Investigation on photosynthetic characteristics of different wheat genotypes at soil water deficits also has other implications for refine physiological regulation of photosynthesis in fields and field management of crops in arid and semiarid areas. By pot-cultivating experiments, investigation of photosynthesis for 10 wheat genotypes at seedling stage and tillering stage at soil water deficits (75%FC, 55%FC and 45%FC, respectively) was conducted. The main results were as followed: developmental stages influenced wheat photosynthesis greatly and tillering stage played more roles; there were significant difference in the main photosynthetic parameters, photosynthesis rate (Photo), stomatal conductance (Cond) and transpiration rate (Tr), among 10 wheat genotypes; general photosynthesis and drought resistance in different wheat genotypes was related much to their domesticated origin soil water environment and selected generations and there was a photosynthetic threshold effect in terms of different wheat genotypes at soil water deficits.