Detection of chloramphenicol and chloramphenicol glucuronide residues in poultry muscle, honey, prawn and milk using a surface plasmon resonance biosensor and Qflex® kit chloramphenicol

Immunochemical screening assays using surface plasmon resonance have been developed for chloramphenicol and chloramphenicol glucuronide residues in poultry muscle, honey, prawn and cows' milk using a sensor chip coated with a chloramphenicol derivative and an antibody. The antibody cross-reacted with chloramphenicol glucuronide 73.8% (poultry), 69.2% (honey), 75.7% (prawn) and 84.8% (milk). There was no cross-reaction with similar drugs or other commonly used antibiotics. The assay allowed the direct analysis of bovine milk (fat content ∼3.5%). Poultry, honey and prawn samples were extracted with ethyl acetate followed by analysis on the biosensor. The decision limits (CCα) for each assay were determined as: poultry (0.005 μg kg−1), honey (0.02 μg kg−1), prawn (0.04 μg kg−1) and milk (0.04 μg kg−1) and the detection capabilities (CCβ) were 0.02, 0.02, 0.07 and 0.05 μg kg−1, respectively. Poultry muscle, honey and milk were spiked at 0.1 μg kg−1 and prawn at 0.15 μg kg−1 and the intra-assay precision (n = 10) calculated as 10.5, 5.0, 4.6 and 8.8%, respectively. Between run precision (n = 3) performed at the same levels yielded the following results: 3.0% (poultry), 4.7% (honey), 7.6% (milk) and 5.5% (prawn).