Ferroelectric properties of bulk and thin films of PMNT system

Perovskite phase development study for bulk and thin films of PMNT 68/32 composition was carried out. B-site Columbite precursor technique was used for bulk system preparation whereas, sol-gel technique was used for thin film deposition on ITO coated glass substrates. Approximately 100% and 95% perovskite phase with grains of micron and sub-micron sizes were observed in bulk and thin films, respectively. Curie transition temperature, Tc, for bulk and thin films were ∼150 °C and 190 °C, respectively. Polarization vs. electric field, P-E, hysteresis loops of PMNT 68/32 bulk and thin films showed remnant polarization, Pr, ∼21.67 μC/cm2 and 1.1 μC/cm2 and coercive fields, Ec, ∼3.9 and 7.7 kV/cm, respectively. Strain vs. electric field, S-E, behavior of PMNT 68/32 bulk ceramic showed piezoelectric nature of the material with a high value of maximum strain ∼1% at 19 kV/cm.