Targeting TGF-β1 increases hepatocyte growth factor (HGF/SF) levels in external auditory canal cholesteatoma (EACC) epithelial cell culture

In this study, levels of HGF/SF increased in the epithelial EACC cell culture after incubation with 3 and 6 μmol antisense TGF-β1 oligonucleotides depending on the concentration of the antisense. In reverse, TGF-β1 acted as inhibiting cytokine on HGF/SF levels. In conclusion, TGF-β1 may be a useful therapeutic agent for managing EACC.