Cytokines in milk and the role of TGF-beta
Keywords: breast milk; cytokines; TGF-β; immune system; mammary gland; dairy products;
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Mogroside IVE attenuates experimental liver fibrosis in mice and inhibits HSC activation through downregulating TLR4-mediated pathways
Keywords: α-SMA; α-smooth muscle actin; ALT; alanine aminotransferase; AST; aspartate aminotransferas; CCl4; carbon tetrachloride; Col I; collagen I; ECM; extracellular matrix; HIF; hypoxia inducible factor; HSCs; hepatic stellate cells; JNK; c-Jun N-terminal kin
Targeting Keap-1/Nrf-2 pathway and cytoglobin as a potential protective mechanism of diosmin and pentoxifylline against cholestatic liver cirrhosis
Keywords: DS; diosmin; PTX; pentoxifylline; BDL; bile duct ligation; ROS; reactive oxygen species; GSH; reduced glutathione; MDA; malondialdehyde; SOD; superoxide dismutase; TGF-β; transforming growth factor-beta; HYP; hydroxyproline; P38âMAPK; P38 mitogen activ
Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases, therapeutic targets for infectious diseases
Keywords: ARS; aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase; TLR; toll-like receptor; RIG-I; retinoic acid-inducible gene-I; MAVS; mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein; IFN; interferon; ITCH; E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase Itchy homolog; MSC; multi-tRNA synthetase complex; AIMP; AR
Biomimetic nanoparticles for inflammation targeting
Keywords: apoE-/- mice; Apolipoprotein e knockout mice; CAM; cellular adhesion molecule; CCL5; chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 5; CD40L; cluster of differentiation 40 ligand; CTC; circulating tumor cell; CTL; cytotoxic T cell or CD8+ T cell; CXCL4; chemokine (C-X-
Effects of intravesical therapy with platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) in non-muscle invasive bladder cancer
Keywords: BC; bladder cancer; BCG; Bacillus Calmette-Guerin; bFGF; basic fibroblast growth factor; BSA; bovine serum albumin; EGF; epidermal growth factor; GFs; growth factors; HGF; hepatocyte growth factor; HRP; horseradish peroxidase; IFN-γ; interferon-gamma; IG
Pharmacological inhibitory profile of TAK-828F, a potent and selective orally available RORγt inverse agonist
Keywords: DMSO; dimethyl sulfoxide; EAE; experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis; FBS; fetal bovine serum; HUVECs; human umbilical vein endothelial cells; IBD; inflammatory bowel disease; LPS; lipopolysaccharide; MS; multiple sclerosis; PBMCs; peripheral blood mo
MRTF-A mediates the activation of COL1A1 expression stimulated by multiple signaling pathways in human breast cancer cells
Keywords: COL1A1; MRTF-A; Rho-ROCK; TGF-β; Wnt; Breast cancer;
Microcalcifications in breast cancer: From pathophysiology to diagnosis and prognosis
Keywords: ALP; alkaline phosphatase; BI-RADS; Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System; BMP2; bone morphogenetic protein 2; BSP; bone sialoprotein; CA1; carbonic anhydrase I; COX2; cyclooxygenase-2; DCIS; ductal carcinoma in situ; EMT; epithelial-mesenchymal transi
Ubiquitination and SUMOylation in the chronic inflammatory tumor microenvironment
Keywords: Inflammation-associated cancer; Ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS); Small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO); Tumor microenvironment; Cytokine profile; Transcription factors; 15d-PGJ2; 15-Deoxy-Delta-12,14-prostaglandin J2; AR; androgen receptor; Ala; alanine;
The expressional disorder of the renal RAS mediates nephrotic syndrome of male rat offspring induced by prenatal ethanol exposure
Keywords: PEE; prenatal ethanol exposure; GD; gestational day; PW; postnatal week; PD; postnatal day; GDNF; glial-cell-line-derived neurotrophic factor; c-ret; c-ret tyrosine kinase receptor; Ang II; angiotensin II; ACE; angiotensin-converting enzyme; AT2R; angiote
Acute extracellular matrix, inflammatory and MAPK response to lengthening contractions in elderly human skeletal muscle
Keywords: LC; lengthening contractions; ECM; extracellular matrix; TGF-β; transforming growth factor-beta; TGF-βRII; transforming growth factor-beta receptor II; SMAD; Mothers against decapentaplegic homolog; MAPK; mitogen activated protein kinase; JNK; c-Jun N-t
The citrus flavanone naringenin reduces gout-induced joint pain and inflammation in mice by inhibiting the activation of NFκB and macrophage release of IL-1β
Keywords: Naringenin; Gout arthritis; Pain; Inflammation; NFκB; Inflammasome; ABTS; 2,2-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonate; ALT; alanine transaminase; ASC; apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD; AST; aspartate transaminase; BMDMs; bone
Cell wall integrity signaling in plants: Malectin-domain kinases and lessons from other kingdoms
Keywords: AFM; atomic force microscopy; CrRLK1L; Catharanthus roseus receptor-like kinase 1-like protein; CWI sensing; cell wall integrity sensing; ECM; extracellular matrix; ER; endoplasmic reticulum; GFP; green fluorescent protein; GPI-AP; glycosylphosphatidylino
Syndecan-1 in mechanosensing of nanotopological cues in engineered materials
Keywords: Syndecan-1; Mechanosensing; Vascular smooth muscle cells; Nanotopology; Nanogrooves; Capillary force lithography; Hippo signaling pathway; Rho-associated protein kinase-1 (Rock1); TGF-β;
Possible use of Punica granatum (Pomegranate) in cancer therapy
Keywords: 27HC; 27-hydroxycholesterol; 8-OHdG; 8-hydroxy-2â² -deoxyguanosine; 8-oxodG; 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2â²-deoxyguanosine; APC; adenomatous polyposis coli; AR; androgen receptors; AOM; azoxymethane; ATP; adenosine triphosphate; B(a)P; benzo(a)pyrene; Bad; Bcl-2
Central role of dysregulation of TGF-β/Smad in CKD progression and potential targets of its treatment
Keywords: ACE2; angiotensin-converting enzyme-2; AGE; advanced glycation end-product; AT1R; angiotensin type 1 receptor; BMP; bone morphogenetic proteins; BMP-7; bone morphogenetic protein 7; CKD; chronic kidney diseases; Co-Smads; common mediator Smads; ECM; extra
Early TGF-β inhibition in mice reduces the incidence of breast cancer induced bone disease in a myeloid dependent manner
Keywords: TGF-β; Myeloid cells; Breast cancer; Tumor-induced bone disease; Metastasis;
Acute infection with Strongyloides venezuelensis increases intestine production IL-10, reduces Th1/Th2/Th17 induction in colon and attenuates Dextran Sulfate Sodium-induced colitis in BALB/c mice
Keywords: DSS; Dextran Sulfate Sodium; IBD; Inflammatory bowel diseases; Th; T helper; DNBS; dinitrobenzene Sulfonic Acid; TNBS; Trinitrobenzene Sulfonic Acid; RTC; Randomly Clinical Trials; SPF; Specific Pathogen-Free; PBS; Phosphate-Buffered Saline; i.p.; Intrape
ADAMTS-1 disrupts HGF/c-MET signaling and HGF-stimulated cellular processes in fibrosarcoma
Keywords: ADAMTS; A disintegrin and metalloprotease with thrombospondin motifs; Akt; Protein kinase serine/threonine; BCA; Bicinchoninic Acid; BSA; Bovine Serum Albumine; BrdU; Bromodeoxyuridine; CM; Conditioned medium; DAPI; Dihidrocloreto de 4â², 6â²-diamidino-
Reprogramming tumor stroma using an endogenous lipid lipoxin A4 to treat pancreatic cancer
Keywords: Lipoxin A4; Pancreatic stellate cells; Cancer-associated fibroblasts; Pancreatic cancer; Tumor stroma; Human pancreatic stellate cell; hPSC; Cancer-associated fibroblast; CAF; Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma; PDAC; Lipoxin A4; LXA4; Lipoxin B4; LXB4; Tra
Dually modified transmembrane proteoglycans in development and disease
Keywords: ActR; activin type receptor; ALK; activin receptor like kinase; AV; atrioventricular cushion; BMP; bone morphogenetic protein; BMPR; bone morphogenetic protein receptor; C1; conserved domain 1; C2; conserved domain 2; Cdc42; control protein 42 homolog; CS
Inducing chondrogenesis in MSC/chondrocyte co-cultures using exogenous TGF-β: a mathematical model
Keywords: Tissue engineering; Chondrogenesis; TGF-β;
Glycogen synthase kinase 3β inhibition reduces mitochondrial oxidative stress in chronic myocardial ischemia
Keywords: metabolic syndrome; chronic coronary ischemia; glycogen synthase kinase 3B; oxidative stress; collagen; AIF; apoptosis inducing factor; CON; control group; GAPDH; glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase; GSK-3β; glycogen synthase kinase- 3β; GSK-3βI;
Bacterially activated B-cells drive T cell differentiation towards Tr1 through PD-1/PD-L1 expression
Keywords: Hfstim; Helicobacter felis -stimulated; Hfstim- IL-10+ B; Helicobacter felis-stimulated IL-10- producing B cells; Hfstim- IL-10-B; Helicobacter felis-stimulated IL-10- nonproducing B cells; Breg; regulatory B cells; PD-1; programmed death 1; PD-L1; pr
Rubus idaeus L. (red raspberry) blocks UVB-induced MMP production and promotes type I procollagen synthesis via inhibition of MAPK/AP-1, NF-κβ and stimulation of TGF-β/Smad, Nrf2 in normal human dermal fibroblasts
Keywords: Normal human dermal fibroblasts; Ultraviolet B; Rubus idaeus L; Matrix metalloproteinase; Type I procollagen; UV; Ultraviolet; NHDFs; normal human dermal fibroblasts; RI; Rubus idaeus L.; MMP-1; matrix metalloproteinase-1; MMP-3; matrix metalloproteinase-
TGF-β Signaling Regulates Development of Midbrain Dopaminergic and Hindbrain Serotonergic Neuron Subgroups
Keywords: 5-HT; 5-hydroxytryptamine; Aldh1a1; aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family member A1; Cck; cholecystokinin; cKO; conditional knockout; DIV; day in vitro; DR; dorsal raphe; MR; median raphe; PMR; paramedian raphe; RM; raphe magnus; En1; engrailed 1; ES; embryonic
Transcriptomic analysis of chicken cochleae after gentamicin damage and the involvement of four signaling pathways (Notch, FGF, Wnt and BMP) in hair cell regeneration
Keywords: Transcriptomic; Chicken cochlea; Signaling pathway; Regeneration; Antibiotic toxicity; MAPK; mitogen-activated protein kinase; FGF; fibroblast growth factor; TGF-β; transforming growth factor-β; BMP; bone morphogenetic protein; SAGE; serial analysis of
An organizing role for the TGF-β signaling pathway in axes formation of the annelid Capitella teleta
Keywords: BMP; TGF-β; Organizer activity; Annelid; Axes formation; Spiralian;
Vaccination with a CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell epitopes-based recombinant chimeric protein derived from Leishmania infantum proteins confers protective immunity against visceral leishmaniasis
Keywords: BM; Bone marrow; CD4; Cluster of differentation 4; CD8; Cluster of differentation 8; dLN; Draining lymph nodes; DO; Optical density; ELISA; Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; GM-CSF; Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor; GRAVY; aliphatic index
The mechanism of tumour cell death by metal-based anticancer drugs is not only a matter of DNA interactions
Keywords: 15-LOX-1; 15-lipoxygenase; AIF; apoptosis inducing factor; APC; adenomatous polyposis coli; AKT or PKB; protein kinase B; ATG16L2; autophagy related 16 like 2; AUC; area under the curve; Bad; Bcl-2 associated death promoter; Bcl-2; B-cell lymphoma 2; Bcl-
Focusing on claudin-5: A promising candidate in the regulation of BBB to treat ischemic stroke
Keywords: 5α-DHP; 5α-dihydroprogestrone; ABC; ATP-binding cassette; AF6; ALL-1-fused gene from chromosome 6; ALL; acute lymphoblastic leukemia; AMPAR; amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionate receptor; Ang-1; angiopoietin-1; AP-1; activator protein-1; BBB;
Preliminary screening and functional analysis of circular RNAs associated with hepatic stellate cell activation
Keywords: circRNAs; circular RNAs; HSCs; hepatic stellate cells; DMEM; Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium; FBS; fetal bovine serum; ncRNA; non-coding RNAs; TGF-β; transforming growth factor-β; BMP-7; bone morphogenetic protein 7; Liver fibrosis; Hepatic stellate ce
Splenectomy had no significant impact on lipid metabolism and atherogenesis in Apoe deficient mice fed on a severe atherogenic diet
Keywords: TC; total cholesterol; LDL-C; low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; TG; triglycerides; FPLC; fast protein liquid chromatography; VLDL; very-low-density lipoprotein; IDL; intermediate-density lipoproteins; LDL; low-density lipoproteins; HDL; high-density li
The role of CD44, hyaluronan and NHE1 in cardiac remodeling
Keywords: Cardiac remodeling; Cardiac hypertrophy; Extracellular matrix remodeling; Heart failure; Cardiac fibroblast; CD44; Hyaluronan; NHE-1; Fibrosis; TGF-β;
A polysaccharide from Eclipta prostrata alleviates experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis through inhibiting Th17 cells
Keywords: MS; multiple sclerosis; EAE; experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis; H&E; hematoxylin & eosin; LFB; luxol fast blue; Th cells; T helper cells; ConA; concanavalin-A; TGF-β; transforming growth factor-beta; Ara; arabinose; Glc; glucose; Gal; galactose
Epithelial mesenchymal transition Transcription Factor (TF): The structure, function and microRNA feedback loop
Keywords: SNAIL; Snail family transcriptional repressor; ZEB; Zinc finger E-box binding homeobox; BMP1; Bone Morphogenetic protein1; TWIST; twist family bHLH transcription factor 1; GSC; goosecoid hemeobox; TGF-β; transforming growth factor beta; NPC; nasopharynge
Wounding-induced upregulation of the Bone Morphogenic Protein signaling pathway in Drosophila promotes survival against parasitic nematode infection
Keywords: AMP; Antimicrobial Peptide; BMP; Bone Morphogenic Protein; dpp; decapentaplegic; gbb; glass bottom boat; IMD; Immune Deficiency pathway; JNK; c-Jun N-terminal Kinase pathway; LB; Luria Bertani; Mad; Mothers against dpp; PBS; Phosphate-Buffered Saline; put
Circulating tumor microemboli: Progress in molecular understanding and enrichment technologies
Keywords: Circulating tumor cells (CTCs); Circulating tumor microemboli (CTM); CTC clusters; Metastasis; Epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT); CTC; circulating tumor cells; CTM; circulating tumor microemboli; VEGF-A; vascular endothelial growth factor A; DCIS
An automated epifluorescence microscopy imaging assay for the identification of phospho-AKT level modulators in breast cancer cells
Keywords: Assay development; Automated microscopy; Breast cancer; Calcium channels; Gene silencing; High content analysis; EGF; Epidermal growth factor; EGFR; Epidermal growth factor receptor; EMT; Epithelial mesenchymal transition; HER2; Human epidermal growth fac
Dependence of HSP27 cellular level on protein kinase CK2 discloses novel therapeutic strategies
Keywords: Protein kinase CK2; HSP27, SMURF2; Thermotherapy; Cancer; HSP; Heat shock protein; SMURF2; Smad ubiquitination regulatory factor 2; siRNA; small interfering RNA; PDCD5; Programmed cell death protein 5; CX-4945; (5-[(3-Chlorophenyl)amino]-benzo[c]-2,6-naph
Anchoring TGF-β1 on biomaterial surface via affinitive interactions: Effects on spatial structures and bioactivity
Keywords: TGF-β; Surface anchoring; Conformation; Bioactivity;
New insights into TGF-β/Smad signaling in tissue fibrosis
Keywords: TGF-β; Smad; Renal fibrosis; Pulmonary fibrosis; Cardiac fibrosis; Cancer;
Histamine H4 receptor antagonism prevents the progression of diabetic nephropathy in male DBA2/J mice
Keywords: ACR; albumin-creatinine-ratio; AQP; aquaporin; CrCl; creatinine clearance; ESRD; end stage renal disease; GBM; glomerular basement membrane; HDC; histidine decarboxylase; H&E; haematoxylin and eosin; HPLC; high performance liquid chromatography; H1-4Rs; h
Potential of serum microRNAs as biomarkers of radiation injury and tools for individualization of radiotherapy
Keywords: AGO proteins; Argonaute proteins; CTCAE; common toxicity criteria for adverse events; Dicer; Helicase with RNase motif; Drosha; ribonuclease III enzyme involved in miRNA maturation; DSB; double strand breaks; DVH; dose-volume histogram; EORTC; European Or
Mechanism of MEN1 gene in radiation-induced pulmonary fibrosis in mice
Keywords: H&E; hematoxylin and eosin; ECM; extracellular matrix; EMT; epithelial stromal cell transformation; IP; immunoprecipitation; IR; Ionizing radiation; MEF; mouse embryonic fibroblast cell; MLE-12; mouse lung epithelial cell; NEM; N-ethylmaleimide; qRT-PCR;
20-HETE regulated PSMB5 expression via TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway
Keywords: 20-Hydroxyeicosatetraeonic acid (20-HETE); Proteasome subunit β5,(PSMB5); TGF-β;
Genistein rescues hypoxia-induced pulmonary arterial hypertension through estrogen receptor and β-adrenoceptor signaling
Keywords: α-SMA; α-smooth muscle actin; CAT; catalase; CCK-8; cell counting kit-8; ER; estrogen receptor; FSC; forward cell scatter; Fura 2 AM; fura 2 acetoxymethy ester; HIF-1α; hypoxia inducible factor-1α; IL-1β; interleukin-1β; MLC; myosin light chain; MLC
Kindlins: Roles in development and cancer progression
Keywords: AML; acute myeloid leukemia; AR; androgen receptor; CRC; colorectal cancer; DC; dendritic cells; EC; esophageal cancer; ECM; extracellular matrix; EMT; endothelial/mesenchymal transition; ESCC; esophageal squamous cell cancer; FERM; 4.1-ezrin-ridixin-moes
Role of miRNAs in cell signaling of cancer associated fibroblasts
Keywords: ATG; autophagy related; CAF; cancer associated fibroblasts; CCL; C-C motif chemokine ligand; CDK2; cyclin-dependentkinase 2; CXCL; chemokine(C-X-C motif) ligand; DRAM; damage-regulated autophagy modulator; ECM; extracellular matrix; EMT; epithelialto mese