One option for the management of wastewater from tofu production: Freeze concentration in a falling-film system

► Tofu whey from the industry is freeze concentrated in a falling film system. ► Freeze concentration process is tested with an average flow of 1 L/s. ► Falling-film system can concentrate tofu whey from 1.9 to 15.5°Brix in three stages. ► The efficiency of the freeze concentration process in the first stage is 82.9%.