Characterisation of virgin olive oil of Italian olive cultivars: `Frantoio' and `Leccino', grown in Andalusia

Work was carried out on the characterisation of virgin olive oils from the main Italian cultivars, `Frantoio' and `Leccino', grown in two different locations in Andalusia: Mengibar (Jaén) and Cabra (Córdoba), with important differences in altitude. The study was carried out during the crop years 1999/2000 and 2001/2002. There were significant differences between the oils from both cultivars when grown in the different environments, Cabra close to the hills and Mengibar in the open at 280 m height. At higher altitude, the oils showed a greater content of oleic acid and higher stability, while in the open the oils had higher tocopherol and linoleic acid contents. For the phenolic compounds, the environment influenced each cultivar in different ways. Sensorial characteristics, showed significant differences between the oils from each cultivar and location. In general, the oils from Andalusia had higher levels of natural antioxidants, greater oxidative stability and more marked sensorial characters.