کد مقاله | کد نشریه | سال انتشار | مقاله انگلیسی | نسخه تمام متن |
---|---|---|---|---|
10702279 | 1021236 | 2005 | 12 صفحه PDF | دانلود رایگان |
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله ISI
The calcium exosphere of Mercury
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موضوعات مرتبط
مهندسی و علوم پایه
علوم زمین و سیارات
علوم فضا و نجوم
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چکیده انگلیسی
A tenuous calcium atmosphere at Mercury, principally seen in the polar regions, was first observed in July, 1998, using the High Resolution Echelle Spectrograph (HIRES) at the W.M. Keck I telescope (Bida et al., Nature 404, 159, 2000). We report four years of observations of the calcium exosphere of Mercury, confirming the initial findings of a very tenuous atmosphere. These observations show a persistent but spatially variable blue shift, indicating an excess velocity toward the observer of up to 3 kmâsâ1, with an average excess velocity of 2.2 kmâsâ1 above the south pole. In addition, the line profiles reveal a hot corona at the equivalent of 12,000-20,000 K in a thermalized atmosphere, indicating a large range of motion with respect to the observer. The calcium is not confined to the polar-regions: rare and low Ca abundance is seen in the equatorial regions. Strong emission was seen anti-sunward on 3 May 2002. Apparent weak emission on the sunward hemisphere may be due to scattered light from the surface, or may indicate a high latitude source. We show that the likely source of the calcium is either impact vaporization in the form of CaO and clusters, which are subsequently photo-dissociated, or ion-sputtering of atoms, molecules and ions. The column abundance is somewhat, but not strongly, correlated with solar activity. We predict a very hot (probably escaping) oxygen component to the hermean exosphere.
ناشر
Database: Elsevier - ScienceDirect (ساینس دایرکت)
Journal: Icarus - Volume 173, Issue 2, February 2005, Pages 300-311
Journal: Icarus - Volume 173, Issue 2, February 2005, Pages 300-311
نویسندگان
Rosemary M. Killen, Thomas A. Bida, Thomas H. Morgan,