MyD88 is a mediator for the activation of Nrf2

► Treatment of macrophages with LPS activates Nrf2, a transcription factor that down-regulates inflammation, and induces the expression of Nrf2-dependent genes. ► Silencing of Nrf2 by siRNA diminishes the expression of Nrf2-dependent genes. ► Nrf2 activation in response to LPS is mediated by MyD88 signaling without the aid of reactive oxidant species. ► Nrf2 activation by LPS could be a mechanism by which inflammation is self-limited.