A potential mechanism of metformin-mediated regulation of glucose homeostasis: Inhibition of Thioredoxin-interacting protein (Txnip) gene expression

► Metformin repress Txnip transcription via AMPK-depedent and independent mechanisms. ► Metformin reduce Txnip expression by inhibiting OXPHOS and inducing glycolysis. ► Txnip might be a mediator for metformin's antidiabetic function.