Adenosine A1 receptors heterodimerize with β1- and β2-adrenergic receptors creating novel receptor complexes with altered G protein coupling and signaling

► Human adenosine A1 receptors heterodimerize with β1 and β2 adrenergic receptors. ► This causes alterations in receptor pharmacology, coupling, and downstream signaling. ► A1, β1, β2 heterodimerization creates novel and differential molecular interactions. ► Such cross-talk leads to physiological consequences and represent new drug targets.