Significance of uncoupling protein 3 in mitochondrial function upon mid- and long-term dietary high-fat exposure

► We examined the effects of short- and long-term HF feeding in UCP3−/− and WT mice. ► UCP3−/−s exhibit reduced mitochondrial function, but only after long-term HF feeding. ► Lack of UCP3 leads to increased mitochondrial ROS production.