Panorámica de los receptores celulares del virus del papiloma humano y su repercusión en la purificación de partículas semejantes a virus

HPV genome contains eight open reading frames (ORF), which is divided into three regions: a region which consists of six early ORF (E1, E2, E4, E5, E6 and E7), that encoding the nonstructural proteins involved in virus replication and oncogenesis, a long control region, which has the transcription regulatory function of the viral E6 and E7 genes and the late region that encoding the structural proteins L1 and L2. To date there have been described a number of possible HPV cell receptors whose interaction with HPV anti-receptor still remain controversial, due to the complexity and heterogeneity of responses among biomolecules involved in recognition. Among the candidates for HPV receptors, heparan sulfate proteoglycans have been the most studied. Heparan sulfate plays a critical role in binding of HPV to the cell surface. Heparin is a highly sulfated variant of heparan sulfate and is often used as an affinity matrix for the purification of proteins. It has been reported that the use of some matrices for the purification of HPV VLPs affects the conformation and immunogenicity of these structures. Using matrices based on the study of cellular receptors is a key factor in obtaining VLPs with a high quality.