The end of the Australia antigen? An ecological study of the impact of universal newborn hepatitis B vaccination two decades on

► Chronic hepatitis B prevalence in adult Australian Aboriginal women was examined. ► A midwifery and hepatitis B register were linked by record linkage. ► Women vaccinated in newborn and catch-up programs, were compared to unvaccinated women. ► Compared to unvaccinated women, an 80% reduction in hepatitis B was found in women vaccinated as newborns. ► A smaller but significant reduction was found in women vaccinated in catch-up programs.