Evaluation of the immune response against immature viral particles of infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (IPNV): A new model to develop an attenuated vaccine

► We prepare provirions of IPNV as vaccine by using a VP4 inhibitor. ► Provirions and IPNV stimulate innate and specific immune response in fish. ► Provirions trigger a major ratio of neutralizing antibodies than IPNV. ► Provirions and IPNV stimulate the non-specific cytotoxic activity in fish.