Cell recruitment and antigen trafficking in afferent lymph after injection of antigen and poly(I:C) containing liposomes, in aqueous or oil-based formulations

► Antigen is transported first by neutrophils and monocytes, then by dendritic cells. ► There is little antigen trafficking via afferent lymph with oil-based formulations. ► Poly(I:C)-containing liposomes-in oil form ectopic lymphoid tissues.