Microsporidia as emerging pathogens and the implication for public health: A 10-year study on HIV-positive and -negative patients

► Human infecting microsporidia and implications for public health are evaluated. ► By molecular tools biological samples from HIV+ and HIV− patients are tested. ► Four potential human pathogenic microsporidian species were detected. ► Immunocompromised patients and children are at high risk for Microsporidia infection. ► Implementing Microsporidia diagnosis is of critical importance.