CMK-3 nanoporous carbon as a new fiber coating for solid-phase microextraction coupled to gas chromatography–mass spectrometry

CMK-3 nanoporous carbon was prepared and characterized as a highly porous fiber coating, with a highly ordered carbon framework, for solid-phase microextraction (SPME). The nanomaterial was immobilized onto platinum, stainless steel and copper metal wires for preparation of new SPME fibers. The copper-CMK-3 fiber showed superior properties and therefore was applied for extraction of some phenolic compounds in combination with GC–MS. For optimization of the extraction conditions, a simplex optimization method was used. The selected conditions were: sample volume 13 ml, extraction temperature 56 °C, extraction time 7 min, ultrasonic time 5.5 min, pH 5 and salt concentration 8.9%. The selected fiber showed some selectivity towards the polar phenolic compounds and its extraction efficiency was better than a commercial PDMS fiber. Linear calibration curves with correlation coefficients better than 0.99 and detection limits in the range from 0.002 to 0.068 μg mL−1 were obtained for the fiber. No significant change was observed in the extraction efficiency of the new SPME fiber over at least 40 extractions. The fiber was successfully used for the determination of phenolic compounds in natural water samples.